Fish Ponds for the Garden

Fish Ponds are increasingly popular in the Australian garden and designing and building one is not that difficult however ponds for fish do require some planning.

We provide a guide to building a fish pond, types of fish for the garden pond and basic maintenance. Popular types of fish ponds include : Native fish ponds, Koi Fish Ponds and Gold Fish Ponds.

BUILDING and DESIGNING A FISH POND

Fish Ponds should be located away from large trees, this is to stop root invasion and to minimize leaf drop into the pond which can lower water quality. At the same time fish ponds need to have some protection from hot sun, in particular afternoon sun, so a tree that casts shade on the pond is if great value.

Fish will do better in a deep pond where water remains cooler. Ponds need to be at least 600cm deep to allow for the water to stay cool and deep enough for water plants and fish. Consult you local council for regulations including fencing requirements.

Make sure that when you build a fish pond that you make plant shelves. (see design illustration below) Most water plants stay in pots placed on a pond shelf. A flat pond shelf deep enough for a medium to large pot to sit below water level is best. Pond liner should always be used, not black plastic. Rock, stone or paver to the waters edge add a great finnish. Pond pumps to circulate water are essential.

Factors to consider when designing a pond

Slope:
Water Features usually a fall of about 30cm in 3m is enough for a stream to run.

Water loss:
Water loss from fish ponds can be minimized by using a good quality pond liner to line both the pond and stream. Streamside planting to provide shade can also help minimize water loss through evaporation.

Rock:
Rocks and stones lining a fish pond can help give a natural look. Rocks around a pond also look great. Artificial rocks are increasingly used due to lightweight characteristics.

Pond Liners
Make sure that use a quality Pond liner for your fish pond. Ponds can be be made of concrete, however this is more expensive.

Pumps:
Water flow is important in all fish ponds, so a quality pump and filtration set up is essential. Pump suppliers can recommend an appropriate pump for the required water flow.

Overflow:
It is essential to make provision for overflow from any fish pond. Connect you pond to an overflow pit or a stormwater drain (consult your local council for regulations)

Plants:
No fish pondis complete without plants.
Astilbe, Dicentra, Lobelia, Aquilegia, Ferns, Hostas, Rhododendrons, Rodgersia, Water lilies all do well in damp conditions.

Types or Species of Fish for Ponds include

• Koi
  Japanese Carp or 'Koi' are a popular fish for ponds. Koi are a domesticated carp bred in Japan for many years. Koi are decorative and also a symbol of love or friendship.
• Gold Fish
  Carassius auratus auratus (Gold Fish) are another member of the Carp family that have been bred for ponds and aquariums for many years. Goldfish have been highly bred and include : Black Moor, Bubble Eye, Celestial Eye, Comet, Fantail, Lionhead, Oranda Pearlscale, Pompom, Ryukin, Shubunkin, Telescope eye, Ranchu, Panda Moor and Veiltail. All readily available for sale from specialist pond and aquarium fish suppliers.

OTHER RESOURCES